Correlation between BOD/COD Ratio and Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient for Mixture Organic Compounds

Correlation between the BOD/COD ratio and Partition coefficient of octanol/ water (Pow) on a single organic substance shows that the Pow value is directly proportional to the toxicity level and inversely proportional to BOD/COD ratio. This research examined the correlation to a mixture of organic substances. The objective is to obtain a varied range of substances, as well as determining the quality of wastewater discharging to fresh waters. Need for analysis of organic substances used as antiseptics during the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, organic substances from the organophosphate pesticide class, diazinon, were used. BOD5, COD, Pow, and LC50-96h toxicity tests using Daphnia magna were used. Six types of the mixture of organic substances included diazinon-formaldehyde-isopropyl alcohol, ethanol-oxalic acid-formaldehyde, isopropyl alcohol-glycerol-lactose, acetic acid-isopropyl alcohol-formaldehyde, sucrose-glycerol-acetic acid, and oxalic acid-formaldehyde-diazinon, with 3 different concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 mg/L, three repetitions. The lowest BOD/COD ratio (<0.2) and the highest Pow value (>4) are found in diazinon-formaldehyde-IPA. Its toxicity in D. magna also showed the lowest LC-50 (11.82 mg/L). Whereas, sucrose-glycerol-acetic acid had the highest BOD/COD ratio (>0.7) and lowest Pow (<0.7) with the highest LC-50 (567.88 mg/L). Other organic substances mixtures have characteristics in the range of these mixtures. Pow variability and the BOD/COD ratio have a negative correlation. A mixture of organic matter is more biodegradable making it has a higher tendency to dissolve in water.Copyright © 2022 Informatics Publishing Limited and The Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved.

Microbial Air Pollutant Control using Commercial UV-C Lamp for Preparing Re-opening Class Activities at Universitas Indonesia

Airborne microorganisms must be controlled, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, to prevent infectious diseases. This research was conducted to prepare a clean room and eliminate infectious pathogens. This study studied a 36-watt UV C commercial lamp to examine its effectiveness in controlling airborne microorganisms in rooms at Universitas Indonesia. The germicide effect of lamp (100 mJ/cm2) predicted by the UV-C test card could be achieved at a distance of 2 to 3 meter after exposure for 60 minutes. UVC's effectiveness as a germicide was also tested on bacteria, yeast, and mold. No germicides were observed in A. parasiticus and C. lunata after being exposed to the UV-C light at 1 to 2 meters distance for 60 minutes. The germicides UV-C lamps were also applied in examined rooms. Active and passive sampling methods measured airborne microorganisms before and after the treatment of UV-C lamp. The lowest germicide effect of UV-C lamp was 37.66% in the collaboration laboratory, and the highest was 86.12% obtained in seminar room at Department of Biology. Many factors, such as the type of group of microorganisms, air circulation, and equipment in the room, influence the germicide effect of UV-C lamp. Based on existing microorganism populations, the examined indoor air has good quality under 1,000 CFU/m3 © IJASEIT is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License

The Role of Community Advisory in the Social Reintegration of Child Clients during the Covid19 Pandemic

The search titled the community advisory rolein implementing social reintegrationprogram of child client during the covid19 pandemic. The social reintegrationprogramimplements the penitentiary system whe prisoners and children, pipetting and fulfilling substantive and administrative requiments, can be funded. The social reintegrationprogrampart of the social reintegrationprogramgiven to the prisoners and children who have undergone the criminal. Policy on the implementation of social reintegrationprogramis one of the Dictorate General of Correctional to overcome overcrowded prisons in many state detention houses, correctional institutions, and specialized development institutes of children throughout Indonesia. Research focuses on how the community advisory rolein the social reintegrationprogramand dig out the extent of the factors that could impact the Social reintegration success. This research is research with both primary and secondary data collection using the qualitative research method. With this research came the fundamental idea of community advisory roleimplemented in the implementation of Social reintegrationprogramso that the optimization of the part can be more maximally the achievement of Social reintegration. The social reintegration program's success will reduce the recidivism number of child clients in the future and encourage the development of an overcrowded program in Correctional Institution.

Ensemble Convolutional Neural Networks With Support Vector Machine for Epilepsy Classification Based on Multi-Sequence of Magnetic Resonance Images

Classification of brain abnormalities as a pathological cue of epilepsy based on magnetic resonance (MR) images is essential for diagnosis. There are some types of brain structural abnormalities as a pathological cue of epilepsy. To identify it, a neurologist can involve some sequence of MR images at a time. Existing algorithms for abnormalities classification usually involve only one or two sequences of MR images. In this paper, we proposed ensemble convolutional neural networks with a support vector machine (SVM) scheme to classify brain abnormalities (epilepsy) vs. non-epilepsy based on the axial multi-sequence of MR images. The convolutional neural network (CNN) models on the proposed method are base-learner models with different architectures and have low parameters. The performance improvement on the proposed method is made by combining the output of the base-learner models and the combination of predictions from these models. The combination of predictions uses majority voting, weighted majority voting, and weighted average. Henceforth, the combined output becomes input in the meta-learning process with SVM for the final classification. The dataset for evaluation is the axial multi-sequences of MR images that include abnormal brain structures causing epilepsy and non-epilepsy with various subjects' histories. The experimental results show the proposed method can obtain an accuracy average and F-1-score of 86.37% and 90.75%, respectively, and an improvement of accuracy of 6.7%-18.19% against the CNN models on the base-learner and 2.54%-2.65% against the combination of predictions. With these results, the proposed architecture also provides better performance compared to the two existing CNN architectures.

Development strategy of SMEs in the new normal era of <i>coronavirus disease 2019</i> (COVID-19): A literature review

The global pandemic known as COVID-19 has spread throughout the world and poses a threat to all countries, including the economic crisis in Indonesia. The government of Indonesia directly regulates policy to all companies or business units to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in their business environment. Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) also has been affected by COVID-19. They must decrease operational hours, employee shift systems, and implement health protocols according to standards in prevention. This study aims to review the current impact from the perspectives of SMEs owners and also strategy suggestions during the COVID-19 outbreak. The studies focus on the impact of large-scale social restrictions on SMEs economic activities and outline the recommendations for improving current responses to developing business strategy. This current study conducted a literature review of publicly available information to recommends valuable insights to the business survival and recovery system of SMEs business during a COVID-19 outbreak. The results show financial management, distribution of supply chain, digital transformation, network relationship, government policy, & orientation & information as a business strategy. This study will ideally contribute towards the creation of success for SMEs to thrive during and after a crisis.

Social workers practices in handling corona virus pandemic with an multisystemic approach

This research discussed how social work practices in handled Corona Virus Pandemic with a Multisystemic Approach. As we understood, the Coruna Virus threat was being said by the World Health Organization on December 31, 2019. World Health Organization (WHO) said that there had been a Corona Virus pneumonia in Wuhan City Hubei province, China. The development of the Corona Virus threat was not only located in mainland China, but it can spread over 120 countries so that the World Health agency on January 30, 2020, states the Novel Corona (COVID19) was a threat to world society. The speed of its spread encourages WHO to gava statement on February 12, 2020, the name Coronavirus Disease with a designation (COVID19). Indonesia discovered 2 cases of people reported had positive after the test. In this research, researchers used a qualitative method approach, with a descriptive, whereas the results would give an accurate picture of how social work practices in handling Coronavirus with Multisystemic approach. Researchers looked to the Multisystemic approach. It is on judging Corona Virus can realize when clients have their awareness increased and take control of the disease, and also prevent panic situation among people.